• ISRAEL had a bureaucracy-free welfare system.
When someone harvested their field, they left the corners and gleanings for the poor, like in the story of Ruth.
This way, the poor were taken care of, while maintaining their dignity by doing something, without a political leader collecting everything and doling it back out as favors to those who would keep him in power.
* ISRAEL had laws that both citizens and those in leadership had to follow. This differed from kings who were “above the law” and ruled subjects at their whims.
In Israel, all were accountable to God to treat each other fairly. Leviticus 19:18 “Love your neighbor as yourself: I am the LORD.”
The moral law of God is revealed in Ten Commandments.
At the 1956 New York opening of his famous movie, Cecil B. DeMille stated:
“Man has made 32 million laws since THE COMMANDMENTS were handed down to Moses on Mount Sinai more than three thousand years ago, but he has never improved on God’s law.”
In addition the the moral law, Moses gave ceremonial, dietary and civil laws, for a total of 613 laws.
The people were given the opportunity to give their consent to the laws. David P. Goldman, author of How Civilizations Die (Regnery Press, 2011) wrote in the Asia Times (2/12/15):
“Never do we meet a God who offers his laws — the Torah — to a people, as YHWH did at Mount Sinai, and ask that people’s free assent to accept these laws.”
* ISRAEL had no police. Everyone was taught the Law and everyone helped enforced the Law. It was as if everyone was “deputized.” The verse right before Leviticus 19:18 “love your neighbor as yourself” is verse 17 “Confront your neighbor directly so you will not be held guilty for their sin.”
* ISRAEL had no prisons. The Law required swift justice at the “gates of the city” and a “city of refuge” where fugitives could flee to await a trial in a capital murder case.
* ISRAEL had no standing army, as every man was in the militia, armed with a sword upon their thigh, and ready as a moment’s notice to defend his family and community. “Every man has his sword on his thigh” Song of Solomon 3:8; “Every one with one of his hands wrought in the work and with the other hand held a weapon.” Nehemiah 4:17.